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N2K Networks

Deception, influence, and social engineering in the world of cyber crime.

Hacking Humans

Please enjoy this encore of Word Notes. 

Malware, in the guise of ransomware, that destroys data rather than encrypts.

CyberWire Glossary link: ⁠https://thecyberwire.com/glossary/pseudoransomware⁠

Audio reference link: “⁠Some Men Just Want to Watch the World Burn | the Dark Knight⁠,” by YouTube, 2 November 2019.

Pseudoransomware (noun) [Word Notes]

This week, our hosts ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Dave Bittner⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Joe Carrigan⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (also host of the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠T-Minus⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Space Daily show) are sharing the latest in social engineering scams, phishing schemes, and criminal exploits that are making headlines. We start with some follow up on China sentencing five members of a violent Kokang-based gang to death for running brutal scam compounds in Myanmar. And in related news, China has also extradited alleged scam kingpin She Zhijiang, a major figure behind one of Southeast Asia’s largest fraud hubs, as Beijing intensifies its crackdown on global cyber-fraud networks. Listener Jon reports a new twist on sextortion, where scammers used an unsolicited FaceTime call to capture an image, generate an AI-manipulated obscene photo, and then extort an employee using publicly scraped contact lists. Joe’s story is on Anthropic’s claim that attackers jailbroke its Claude model to carry out what it calls the first AI-orchestrated cyber-espionage campaign, a narrative now being challenged by researchers like Dan Goodin and Dan Tentler, who argue the attack was far less “autonomous” than advertised and comparable to long-standing hacking tools rather than a breakthrough in offensive AI. Dave’s story is on a new phishing scam where attackers use the contact info displayed on a lost iPhone’s lock screen to send fake “Find My” texts claiming the device was found, luring victims to a spoofed Apple login page to steal their Apple ID and bypass Activation Lock. Maria has the story on Zimperium’s Mobile Shopping Report, which shows that during the holiday season mobile threats surge across mishing, fake retail and payment apps, and app-level vulnerabilities—making this the peak time for scammers to exploit shoppers with spoofed texts, malicious apps, and insecure SDKs hidden inside legitimate shopping tools. Our catch of the day comes from the phishing subreddit as someone is impersonating a woman who is sick with cancer asking for the victim to take care of their money. 

Resources and links to stories:

 
⁠⁠⁠⁠China sentences 5 to death for building, running criminal gang fraud centers in Myanmar's lawless borderlands

 Man Accused of Running Southeast Asia Scam Compound Is Extradited to China

 Disrupting the first reported AI-orchestrated cyber espionage campaign

 Researchers question Anthropic claim that AI-assisted attack was 90% autonomous

 Lost iPhone? Don’t fall for phishing texts saying it was found

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Have a Catch of the Day you'd like to share? Email it to us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠hackinghumans@n2k.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

Lost iPhone, found trouble.

Please enjoy this encore of Word Notes. 

A browser configuration control that prevents accessing resources within a private network.

CyberWire Glossary link: ⁠https://thecyberwire.com/glossary/trusted-platform-module⁠

Audio reference link: “⁠TPM (Trusted Platform Module) - Computerphile⁠,” Computerphile, 23 July 2021

Trusted Platform Module (TPM) (noun) [Word Notes]

This week, our hosts ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Dave Bittner⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Joe Carrigan⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (also host of the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠T-Minus⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Space Daily show) are sharing the latest in social engineering scams, phishing schemes, and criminal exploits that are making headlines. We start with some big chicken news from Joe! Dave’s story is on Meta’s internal documents revealing it projected up to 10% of its 2024 revenue, worth billions, would come from fraudulent or banned ads across its platforms. Maria has the story on how Howler Cell at Cyderes uncovered a systemic “Bring Your Own Updates” risk in Windows updaters, where attackers can hijack trusted, signed update clients like Advanced Installer to deliver malicious code that evades detection and could lead to large-scale supply-chain attacks. Joe has the story on a new scam called “ghost tapping,” where fraudsters use near-field communication devices to secretly charge tap-to-pay cards and mobile wallets in crowded places. Victims often don’t notice until small, unauthorized withdrawals add up, prompting the BBB to warn consumers to use RFID-blocking wallets, verify charges before tapping, and monitor accounts for suspicious activity. Our catch of the day is on an application to the Council of the Ecliptic. 

Resources and links to stories:

 
⁠Meta is earning a fortune on a deluge of fraudulent ads, documents show

 Ghost-tapping scam targets tap-to-pay users

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Have a Catch of the Day you'd like to share? Email it to us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠hackinghumans@n2k.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

Tap, pay…and prey.

Please enjoy this encore of Word Notes. 

A browser configuration control that prevents accessing resources within a private network.

CyberWire Glossary ⁠link⁠.

Audio reference link: “⁠Chrome Limits Access to Private Networks⁠,” by Daniel Lowrie, ITProTV, YouTube, 19 January 2022.

Private Network Access (PNA) (noun) [Word Notes]

This week, our hosts ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Dave Bittner⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Joe Carrigan⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (also host of the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠T-Minus⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Space Daily show) are sharing the latest in social engineering scams, phishing schemes, and criminal exploits that are making headlines. We start with some follow-up, listener Jay shared how Robinhood tackled a $25.4 billion phone scam problem with a simple fix—a bright yellow in-call banner that warns users, “We’re not calling you. If the caller says they’re from Robinhood, they’re not—hang up.” Meanwhile, Myanmar’s military blew up a major online scam center at KK Park, forcing over 1,500 people to flee into Thailand. Listener JJ reminds us it’s “CAC cards,” not just “CAC,” and Shannon reports from Scooter’s Coffee, where customers are now bringing chickens for pup cups—proving some pets really do rule the roost. Maria’s story is on Bitdefender and NETGEAR’s 2025 IoT Security Report, which found smart homes now face triple the attacks of last year—about 29 a day. Dave’s story is on a cloud architect who exposed his AWS keys online, letting attackers hijack his account for crypto-mining and phishing. His takeaway: secure keys, limit privileges, and assume it can happen to you. Joe’s got the story of scammers posing as banks or the FTC, using fake security alerts to trick older adults into draining their savings. The FTC says losses are skyrocketing—so don’t move money or trust surprise calls or pop-ups. Our catch of the day comes from the Scams SubReddit, where a scammer got way more than what they signed up for in a text chain. 

Resources and links to stories:

 Robinhood LinkedIn post.

 Stragglers from Myanmar scam center raided by army cross into Thailand as buildings are blown up

 My AWS Account Got Hacked - Here Is What Happened

 False alarm, real scam: how scammers are stealing older adults’ life savings

 Trying to scam the scammer

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Have a Catch of the Day you'd like to share? Email it to us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠hackinghumans@n2k.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

Seniors in scam crosshairs.

Please enjoy this encore of Word Notes. 

The potential next evolution of the worldwide web that decentralizes interaction between users and content away from the big silicon valley social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube, and towards peer-to-peer interaction using blockchain as the underlying technology. 

CyberWire Glossary link: ⁠https://thecyberwire.com/glossary/web-30⁠

Audio reference link: “⁠What Elon Musk Just Said about Metaverse, Web3 and Neuralink⁠,” By Clayton Morris, Crypto News Daily, YouTube. 2 December 2021.

Web 3.0 (noun) [Word Notes]

Welcome in! You’ve entered, Only Malware in the Building. Join us each month to sip tea and solve mysteries about today’s most interesting threats. Your host is ⁠⁠⁠⁠Selena Larson⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠Proofpoint⁠⁠⁠⁠ intelligence analyst and host of their podcast ⁠⁠⁠⁠DISCARDED⁠⁠⁠⁠. Inspired by the residents of a building in New York’s exclusive upper west side, Selena is joined by her co-hosts ⁠⁠⁠⁠N2K Networks⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠Dave Bittner⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠Keith Mularski⁠⁠⁠, former FBI cybercrime investigator and now Chief Global Ambassador at ⁠⁠⁠Qintel⁠⁠⁠.

Being a security researcher is a bit like being a detective: you gather clues, analyze the evidence, and consult the experts to solve the cyber puzzle. On this episode, we explore what makes information sharing actually work. From public-private partnerships to actionable intelligence, our guests discuss how organizations can prioritize, process, and operationalize shared cyber threat data to stay ahead of emerging risks.

Plus, catch Dave, Selena, and Keith on their road trip adventure in our video on ⁠YouTube⁠ — full of laughs, unexpected detours, and plenty of sleuthing!

Pass the intel, please. [OMITB]

Happy Halloween from the team at N2K Networks! 

We hope you share in our Halloween tradition of listening to the Malware Mash. You can check out our video ⁠here⁠. 

Lyrics

I was coding in the lab late one night

when my eyes beheld an eerie sight 

for my malware threat score began to rise 

and suddenly to my surprise...

It did the Mash 

It did the Malware Mash 

The Malware Mash 

It was a botnet smash 

It did the Mash 

It caught on 'cause of Flash 

The Malware Mash 

It did the Malware Mash

From the Stuxnet worm squirming toward the near east 

to the dark web souqs where the script kiddies feast 

the APTs left their humble abodes 

to get installed from rootkit payloads. 

They did the Mash 

They did the Malware Mash 

The Malware Mash 

It was an adware smash 

They did the Mash 

It caught on 'cause of Flash 

The Malware Mash 

They did the Malware Mash

The botnets were having fun 

The DDoS had just begun 

The viruses hit the darknet, 

with ransomware yet to come. 

The keys were logging, phishing emails abound, 

Snowden on chains, backed by his Russian hounds. 

The Shadow Brokers were about to arrive 

with their vocal group, "The NotPetya Five."

They did the Mash 

They played the Malware Mash

The Malware Mash 

It was a botnet smash 

They did the Mash 

It caught on 'cause of Flash 

The Malware Mash 

They played the Malware Mash

Somewhere in Moscow Vlad's voice did ring 

Seems he was troubled by just one thing. 

He opened a shell then shook his fist 

and said, "Whatever happened to my Turla Trojan twist." 

It's now the Mash 

It's now the Malware Mash 

The Malware Mash 

And it's a botnet smash 

It's now the Mash 

It caught on 'cause of Flash 

The Malware Mash 

It's now the Malware Mash

Now everything's cool, Vlad's a part of the band 

And the Malware Mash is the hit of the land. 

For you, defenders, this mash was meant to 

when you get to my door, tell them Creeper sent you.

Then you can Mash 

Then you can Malware Mash 

The Malware Mash 

And be a botnet smash 

It is the Mash 

Don't you dare download Flash 

The Malware Mash 

Just do the Malware Mash

The Malware Mash!

This week, our hosts ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Dave Bittner⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Joe Carrigan⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (also host of the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠T-Minus⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Space Daily show) are sharing the latest in social engineering scams, phishing schemes, and criminal exploits that are making headlines. In our follow up, our hosts respond to a listener who wrote in with an insightful question about the role of wealth in scam susceptibility. Joe's story covers how a fake AI recruiter lures developers with a GitHub “technical assessment” that, when run, unleashes a five-stage malware chain to steal credentials, wallets, and install persistent backdoors. Maria has the story on a Halloween-themed phishing scam that lured victims with a fake Home Depot giveaway, using obfuscated code, stolen email threads, and tracking pixels to trick users into handing over personal and payment information. Dave’s story is on a convincing phishing email claiming Dashlane was hacked, showing how fear and urgency—even in obvious scams—can make anyone second-guess before thinking twice. Our catch of the day is from the scams sub-Reddit thread, and is how one user received a message from their "aunt" who wanted to be nice and grab the user a present. 

Resources and links to stories:

 
⁠How a fake AI recruiter delivers five staged malware disguised as a dream job

 Home Depot Halloween phish gives users a fright, not a freebie

 Why the Obviously Fake Dashlane Hack Phishing Email Still Made Me Jump

 

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Have a Catch of the Day you'd like to share? Email it to us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠hackinghumans@n2k.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

Beware the boo-gus giveaway.

A layer seven firewall designed to block threats at the application layer of the open system interconnection model, the OSI model. 
CyberWire Glossary link: https://thecyberwire.com/glossary/web-application-firewall
Audio reference link: “VCF East 9.1 - Ches' Computer Security Adventures - Bill Cheswick.” YouTube, 29 Dec. 2015, https://youtu.be/trR1cuBtcPs.

Web Application Firewall (noun) [Word Notes]

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